IT Certification 考試資訊

标签： 117-102

  • LPI-1 Certification Self-Study Guide

    LPI Certification Self-Study Guide by David Horton

    The LPI Self-Study Guide is intended to provide a quick and inexpensive method for experienced Linux users to prepare for Linux Professional Institute (LPI) certification exams 117-101 and 117-102. The LPI Self-Study Guide is not a
    beginner’s course and makes no attempt to teach any of the subject matter in detail. Instead the study guide provides a structured method for quickly absorbing the knowledge required by the exam objectives. Links to external references and documentation are provided for key terms and concepts and there are practice questions with answers at the end of each chapter.

    Table of Contents

    Introduction
    1. About The Author
    2. Disclaimer
    3. Copyright&License
    4. Making Contributions
    I. General Information
    1. Exam Preparation Methods
    1.1. Is The Self-Study Guide Right For You?
    1.2. Alternatives To This Guide
    1.3. Study Groups
    2. Test Taking Tips
    2.1. Understanding the Test Format
    2.1.1. Types Of Questions You Will Encounter
    2.1.2. Taking Advantage Of “Mark For Review
    2.2. Managing Test Anxiety
    2.2.1. In The Days Before The Exam
    2.2.2. On The Day Of The Exam
    II. Exam 117-101
    3. Hardware&Architecture
    3.1. A Brief Look At The Objectives
    3.2. Ports, Interrupts andDMA
    3.3. IDE Disks and LBA
    3.4. SCSI Devices
    3.5.USBDevices
    3.6. Modems and Sound Cards
    3.7. Practice Questions
    3.8. Answers To Practice Questions
    3.9. Additional Resources
    4. Linux Installation&Package Management
    4.1. Practice Questions
    4.2. Answers To Practice Questions
    4.3. References
    4.3.1. Disk Layout
    4.3.2.RPMPackage Management
    5.GNU&Unix Commands
    5.1. Practice Questions
    5.2. Answers To Practice Questions
    5.3. References
    5.3.1.Commands
    5.3.2. Pipelines, Redirection and Compound Commands
    5.3.3. Processes and Priorities
    5.3.4. Foo and Bar
    6. Devices, Linux Filesystems, Filesystem Hierarchy Standard
    6.1. Practice Questions
    6.2. Answers To Practice Questions
    6.3. References
    7. TheXWindow System
    7.1. Practice Questions
    7.2. Answers To Practice Questions
    7.3. References
    III. Exam 117-102
    8. Kernel
    8.1. Practice Questions
    8.2. Answers To Practice Questions
    8.3. References
    9. Boot, Initialization, Shutdown and Runlevels
    9.1. Practice Questions
    9.2. Answers to Practice Questions
    9.3. References
    10. Printing
    10.1. Practice Questions
    10.2. Answers To Practice Questions
    10.3. References
    11. Documentation
    11.1. Practice Questions
    11.2. Answers To Practice Questions
    11.3. References
    12. Shells, Scripting, Programming and Compiling
    12.1. Practice Questions
    12.2. Answers To Practice Questions
    12.3. References
    13. Administrative Tasks
    13.1. Practice Questions
    13.2. Answers To Practice Questions
    13.3. References
    14. Networking Fundamentals
    14.1. A Brief Look At The Objectives
    14.2. IP Basics
    14.3. IP Ports and Protocols
    14.4. Network Configuration
    14.5. Network Troubleshooting
    14.6. PPP Configuration
    14.7. Practice Questions
    14.8. Answers To Practice Questions
    14.9. Additional References
    15. Networking Services
    15.1. Practice Questions
    15.2. Answers To Practice Questions
    15.3. References
    16. Security
    16.1. Practice Questions
    16.2. Answers To Practice Questions
    16.3. References

    LPI-1 Certification Self-Study Guide Download：http://www.itcert.org/thread-3768-1-1.html

  • Linux職業認證考試LPI 117-102必考知識點

    硬件和體系結構

    1. /proc/interrupts文件顯示當前系統中正在使用的中斷.

    2. Linux支持標準串/並口和遊戲棒口. /dev目錄下對應每個設備/端口有一個文件.setserial命令用於顯示修改串口配置.

    3. dmesg命令可顯示Linux在啟動時發現了哪些硬件.

    4. fdisk用於硬盤分區. newe2fs用於建立文件系統. mount用於將分區掛在總文件樹上.

    5. ifconfig是最常用的網絡配置工具. ping通過發送ICMP消息觀察一台網上機器是否可被連通. RedHat的sndconfig用於配置聲卡. minicom用於配置modem.

    6. PPP協議是最通用的串行通訊協議. /etc/ppp/options中有PPP的配置信息.

    PAP(Password Authentication Protocol)和CHAP(Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol)是PPP下最流行的兩個認證協議.

    系統安裝和軟件包安裝

    7. hda表示第一個IDE盤, hda1是它的第一個分區. sda表示第一個SCSI盤, sda1是它的第一個分區.

    8. swap分區的大小應至少和內存大小一樣. root分區應盡量小.data/user等分區越細,備份就越容易.

    9.分區完成後,可以用mke2fs建立文件系統.

    10. /etc/lilo.conf中有Lilo的配置信息.編輯完此文件後必須運行/sbin/lilo安裝LILO bootloader.

    11. tarball是最方便的打包工具. “x”選項用於解包, “c”選項用於打包, “v”選項提供更多過程信息. “f”選項用於指明包文件名.

    12. make使用Makefile文件提供的編譯參數命令編譯系統. “configure”腳本用於軟件的環境配置.

    13.動態共享庫方便不同的軟件共享庫函數,而且在庫升級時,使用它的軟件無需重新編譯. ldd命令用於顯示軟件的共享庫使用情況. ldconfig命令用於更新維護系統的共享庫數據緩存(cache of shared library data).

    “ldconfig -p”顯示當前的共享庫緩存.
    14.軟件包管理工具有RedHat的RPM和Debian的dpkg.

    15. rpm選項包括:

    -i安裝包
    -e卸載包
    -V驗證包的安裝情況(-Va驗證所有包的安裝情況)
    -q查尋哪個包有哪個文件(-qf查尋哪個文件屬於哪個包)
    -b建立包
    -p顯示包的信息.

    16. dpkg (略)

    內核

    17. lsmod命令顯示系統中已裝載的模塊. insmod命令用於裝載模塊.rmmod命令用於卸載模塊. modinfo用於顯示模塊的有關信息.

    18. modprobe工具可根據模塊的依賴情況裝載模塊. depmod顯示模塊的依賴情況.

    19. conf.modules和modules.conf沒有任何區別.不同的Linux發布商使用不同的文件.

    20.內核通常使用linux-xyz命名, xyz代表版本號.

    21. “make config”提供一字符界面用於配置內核.

    22. “make xconfig”提供一X圖形界面用於配置內核.

    23. “make dep”用於建立內核文件的依賴關係.編好新內核後,要修改/etc/lilo.conf,以使用新內核.

    文本編輯,處理和打印

    24. vi的方向鍵:

    h –左
    l –右
    j –下
    k –上

    25. vi的命令:

    c -修改文本
    d -刪除文本
    i -插入文本
    o -在當前行下插入一新行
    O -在當前行上插入一新行
    p -將緩衝區內容插入
    r -字符替換
    R -替換模式
    u – undo
    x -刪除字符
    y -拷貝入緩衝區

    26. The lpc utility is the main one used to manage the print service,while
    lpq is the primary tool for looking at and interacting with the print queue.

    27. The lpr command is used to submit jobs to the print service, and there
    are a wide number of options that can be used with it, including:

    -b to suppress a banner
    -K to specify a number of copies to print
    -# the same as -K
    -m to send error messages via mail
    -T to signify a title page
    -w to define the width

    28. The /etc/printcap file is a database defining what each known printer
    is capable of. It is read once by lpd at starup.

    29. The lpd.perms file hods the permissions for the lpd service and can
    affect the operation as such utilities as lpc and lpq.

    30. The lpd.conf file is used to configure the actual lpd service. There
    are 180 options that can be configured.

    31. The lprm command is used to remove print jobs, and lprm -a will
    attempt to remove all spooled jobs.

    Shell,腳本,編程,編譯

    32. /etc/profile在用戶登陸時被執行,然後不同的SHELL會執行用戶home下的對應配置文件.如bash依次查找.bash_profile, .bash_login和.profile.

    33. .bashrc在SHELL運行開始時被執行. .inputrc用於鍵盤配置.

    34. SHELL腳本必須有可執行權限,或是直接被SHELL讀入執行. 0代表正常退出.

    35. SHELL腳本中應用”#!”說明解釋器位置(如#!/usr/bin/perl)

    36. $1代表第一個命令行參數. shift命令將$2變為$1,依此類推.

    37. test或者[]可用於進行邏輯測試. if-fi構成判斷塊.

    X窗口

    38. “X -showconfig”顯示X的配置情況. startx用於啟動X窗口.

    39. xterm參數:

    -bd設置邊界顏色
    -bg設置後景色
    -fg設置前景色
    -fn設置字體

    網絡

    40. /etc/services提供端口號與服務名的對應.如80 – http, 23 – telnet…

    41. DHCP用於自動分配IP. IP地址有32位, 8位一組.通過前8位將IP地址分為不同類組:

    1-126 A類
    128-191 B類
    192-223 C類

    在Internet上的IP地址必須獨立(UNIQUE).

    42.一些IP地址可用於內部網絡:

    10.x.x.x A類
    172.16.x.x B類
    192.168.x.x C類

    43. netmask用於識別一個主機是否屬於當前網絡.缺省netmask為:

    A類255.0.0.0
    B類255.255.0.0
    C類255.255.255.0

    網絡服務

    44. inetd是超級daemon,調用其他服務.它使用/etc/inetd.conf配置文件決定應管理哪些服務.

    45. hosts.allow和hosts.deny用於訪問控制. NFS使用/etc/exports提供的配置決定export那些文件系統. SMB用於與WINDOWS主機通訊. NMB用於識別WINDOWS主機提供的資源.

    46. sendmail.cf是sendmail的主要配置文件. /etc/aliases提供mail地址別名. /var/spool/mqueue中存有mail的消息隊列. mailq用於檢查mail的消息隊列. newaliases用於建立新的別名文件.

    47. Apache提供WEB服務. access.conf, httpd.conf和srm.conf是它的配置文件.

    安全

    48. /etc/profile中的umask值應小心配置,盡量減小新文件的權限.

    49.對於SUID和SGID程序要特別小心,盡量用權限最小的user和group.

    50. shadow password用於提高/etc/passwd的安全性.應使用quotas對用戶的磁盤空間進行限制.應有對密碼的安全性檢查,保證密碼至少有6-8個字符,並定期更換密碼.

    注：102為考試代號，並非是指有102個考點